Former Vice Chancellor of Hazara University in Pakistan, M. Ashraf Adeel is Professor of Philosophy at Kutztown University of Pennsylvania. He earned his PhD in Philosophy of Science/Language with distinction from University of Hawaii, has held Professorship at University of Peshawar, and was a Senior Visiting Fellow at Linacre College Oxford in 1999. He publishes research in Philosophy of Science and Language as well as Modern Islamic Thought and is a poet and playwright.